Bisher hast du nur die Grundregeln für If-Sätze kennen gelernt. Es kommt es jedoch immer auf den Zusammenhang an, welche Zeitform du nutzt. So kannst du z. B. im If-Satz Typ I neben dem Simple Present auch Present Progressive oder Present Perfect verwenden, wenn es die Situation erfordert.
If-Satz Typ I (wahrscheinlich)
| Bedingung bezieht sich auf: |
If-Satz |
Hauptsatz |
| zukünftige Handlung |
Simple Present |
If the book is interesting, … |
Future I |
…I will buy it. |
| Imperative |
…buy it. |
| Modal Auxiliary |
…you can buy it. |
| gerade ablaufende Handlung |
Present Progressive |
If he is snoring, … |
Future I |
…I will wake him up. |
| Imperative |
…wake him up. |
| Modal Auxiliary |
…you can wake him up. |
| abgeschlossene Handlung |
Present Perfect |
If he has moved into his new flat, … |
Future I |
…we will visit him. |
| Imperative |
…visit him. |
| Modal Auxiliary |
…we can visit him. |
| kaum wahrscheinliche Handlung |
should + Infinitive |
If she should win this race, … |
Future I |
…I will congratulate her. |
| Imperative |
…congratulate her. |
| Modal Auxiliary |
…we can congratulate her. |
| allgemein gültiges Geschehen |
Simple Present |
If he gets what he wants, … |
Simple Present |
…he is very nice. |
If-Satz Typ II (unwahrscheinlich)
| Bedingung bezieht sich auf: |
If-Satz |
Hauptsatz |
| gegenwärtiges, zukünftiges Ereignis |
Simple Past |
If I had a lot of money, … |
Conditional I |
…I would travel around the world. |
| Auswirkung in Vergangenheit |
Simple Past |
If I knew him, … |
Conditional II |
…I would have said hello. |
If-Satz Typ III (unmöglich)
| Bedingung bezieht sich auf: |
If-Satz |
Hauptsatz |
| Gegenwart |
Past Perfect |
If I had known it, … |
Conditional I |
…I would not be here now. |
| Vergangenheit |
Past Perfect |
If he had learned for the test, … |
Conditional II |
…he would not have failed it. |
Übungen und Tests
